Using 2021-2022 survey data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey, this ASPE Research Report examined sociodemographic factors and trends in vaccine hesitancy among workers based on the likelihood of exposure risk to SARS-CoV-2. We classified work setting into three categories: essential healthcare, essential non-healthcare, and non-essential. Our findings suggest that vaccine hesitancy varied by work setting and over time. Hesitancy was lowest among front line healthcare workers and highest among essential workers outside the healthcare work setting. We found some variation in factors such as age, insurance coverage status, and race and ethnicity with respect to the odds of being hesitant across all work settings. For example, across all work settings, those aged 18-29 were more likely to be hesitant than those aged 65+. By contrast, non-essential workers without a college education were more likely to be hesitant than those with a college education, but we did not find this association among essential workers. Concerns about side effects was the most frequently cited reason for hesitancy across all work settings and over time, with essential healthcare workers citing it most frequently. In addition, the frequency of concerns regarding trust in government or vaccines varied across the three work settings and over time. See the ASPE Research Report for additional information.
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